Coral Reef Degradation and Coastal Development
A study of Caribbean coral reefs found a 50% decline in coral cover over a 30-year period. The degradation was most severe in areas near coastal development. Which of the following human activities most directly explains this pattern of ecosystem disruption?
A
Nutrient loading from agricultural runoff
B
Overharvesting of predatory fish
C
Introduction of invasive fish species
D
Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide
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