Defining Primary Ecological Succession
To observe primary succession, a researcher plants several species in a barren area recently exposed by a retreating glacier. Because the planted species grew successfully, the researcher concluded that primary succession did not take place. Which statement best identifies the conceptual error in the researcher’s conclusion?
Overlooking the role of pioneer species like lichens and mosses in preparing the environment for later species.
Assuming that the success of planted species indicates a bypass of the primary succession stages.
Misunderstanding primary succession as involving the introduction of species, rather than the natural colonization and succession process.
Failing to recognize that primary succession involves pioneer species naturally colonizing the area, not human intervention.
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