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AP Chemistry/Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties
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Percent Composition By Mass

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Which of the following pieces of evidence best supports the conclusion that calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2}, contains approximately 17.1% nitrogen by mass?

A

Using only the molar mass of nitrogen, 14.007g/mol14.007\,g/mol, divided by the molar mass of calcium, which yields an irrelevant ratio.

B

Multiplying the nitrogen atomic mass by two and then adding the mass of oxygen, without proper division by total mass, misrepresenting the percent composition.

C

Adding the atomic masses of calcium and nitrogen without considering the nitrate group, resulting in an erroneous percentage.

D

Calculating total molar mass as 40.078+2(14.007+316)=164.092g/mol40.078 + 2*(14.007+ 3*16) = 164.092\,g/mol and then computing percent nitrogen as 214.007164.092×10017.1%\frac{2*14.007}{164.092} \times 100 \approx 17.1\%.

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