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AP Chemistry/Unit 8: Acids and Bases
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Interpreting Weak Base Equilibrium Data

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The table below presents data for the equilibrium of a weak base, B, that has an initial concentration of 0.20 M and a base-dissociation constant, KbK_b, of 1×10−61 \times 10^{-6}. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the data?

Species Concentration (M)
B (initial) 0.20
OH⁻ (equilibrium) 1.4×10−31.4 \times 10^{-3}
BH⁺ (equilibrium) 1.4×10−31.4 \times 10^{-3}
B (equilibrium) ≈ 0.1986
A

The data indicate that nearly all of the base is ionized, as shown by the significant hydroxide ion concentration.

B

The small degree of ionization—less than 1%—is consistent with the low KbK_b value, demonstrating that only a minor fraction of the base reacts to form hydroxide ions.

C

The equilibrium evidence implies that the weak base behaves similarly to a strong base, since the generated hydroxide ion concentration is almost equal to the initial base concentration.

D

Although it might seem at first glance that the presence of any measurable hydroxide ion concentration would imply substantial ionization, the fact that only about 0.7% (approximately 1.4×10−30.20×100\frac{1.4 \times 10^{-3}}{0.20} \times 100) of the base ionizes is in perfect agreement with the low KbK_b value, thereby confirming the expected limited ionization for a weak base.

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