APFIVE Kirchhoff's Loop Rule and Energy Conservation
A complex circuit contains three loops with batteries of emf ε₁, ε₂, and ε₃. If Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule is applied to each loop, which statement best describes the energy transformations for a charge moving through the entire circuit?
A
Net energy gained equals net energy lost in each closed loop
B
Energy is conserved only in the loop with the highest emf
C
Energy gained in batteries always exceeds energy lost in resistors
D
Total energy gained equals ε₁ + ε₂ + ε₃ regardless of path
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