APFIVE Voltage Measurement in a Non-Ideal Circuit
Two resistors, R₁ = 20Ω and R₂ = 30Ω, are connected in series with a 12V battery. A measurement of the potential difference across R₁ with a voltmeter gives a reading of 4.0V, while the expected ideal value is 4.8V. What is the most likely explanation for this discrepancy?
A
The battery has significant internal resistance
B
The ammeter was connected in parallel instead of series
C
The resistors are actually in parallel, not series
D
The voltmeter has significant internal resistance
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