Participant Awareness as a Research Limitation
When study participants are aware that they are being observed, which of the following potential limitations must a researcher address?
A
Observer bias where researchers’ expectations influence their interpretation of results.
B
Sampling bias where certain groups are overrepresented within the sample population.
C
The Hawthorne effect where participants alter their behavior due to awareness of being observed.
D
The placebo effect where participants experience benefits from non-active components of an intervention.
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