Hobbes and the Role of the Sovereign
The following passage is adapted from Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan (1660): In the state of nature, life is a condition of constant peril where every individual is an enemy to every other, making life ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.’ To escape this chaos and achieve security, individuals sacrifice some freedoms, making a sovereign with absolute authority essential for preserving life and order. Based on this passage, what is the primary role of a sovereign in society?
To decentralize power to ensure local autonomy over governance.
To enforce order and prevent the natural state of constant conflict by centralizing power.
To promote mutual trust among citizens without the need for centralized authority.
To allow complete individual freedom and minimal governmental intervention.
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