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AP Calculus AB/Unit 7: Differential Equations
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Separation of Variables Error Analysis
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A student attempts to solve the differential equation $$\displaystyle \frac{dy}{dx} = y \sin x$$ with the initial condition that $$y = 1$$ when $$x = 0$$. The steps of the student’s solution are shown below. In which of the following steps does an error first appear?

Step 1: $$\displaystyle \int \frac{1}{y} dy = \int \sin x dx$$

Step 2: $$\ln |y| = -\cos x + C$$

Step 3: Using the initial condition: $$\ln |1| = -\cos(0) + C$$, so $$C = 1$$

Step 4: $$\ln |y| = -\cos x + 1$$

Step 5: $$|y| = e^{-\cos x + 1}$$

Step 6: $$y = e \cdot e^{-\cos x}$$

Step 7: $$y = e^{1-\cos x}$$

Step 8: $$y = e^{\cos x - 1}$$

A

Step 7

B

Step 6

C

Step 3

D

Step 8

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