Iran’s legislative process is streamlined by an independent judiciary, contrasting with the UK’s executive dominance over Parliament.

Strong party discipline in the UK and controlled legislative calendar enable smoother lawmaking, whereas Iran’s bicameral oversight by the Guardian Council can delay or reject bills.

Iran’s Supreme Leader directly enacts laws, making the Majlis redundant and leading to higher productivity there compared to the UK.

The UK’s lack of an upper chamber speeds legislation, whereas Iran has two chambers that both pass laws without oversight.